- Introduction
- Prerequisites
- List of hardware and pinouts
- ESP8266 Firmware
- Wiring scheme
- IoT Hub configuration
- Programming the Arduino UNO device
- Troubleshooting
- Data visualization
- See also
- Next steps
Introduction
IoT Hub is an open-source server-side platform that allows you to monitor and control IoT devices. It is free for both personal and commercial usage and you can deploy it anywhere. If this is your first experience with the platform we recommend to review what-is-iothub page and getting-started guide.
This sample application performs collection of temperature and humidity values produced by DHT22 sensor and further visualization on the real-time web dashboard. Collected data is pushed via MQTT to IoT Hub server for storage and visualization. The purpose of this application is to demonstrate IoT Hub data collection API and visualization capabilities.
The DHT22 sensor is connected to Arduino UNO. Arduino UNO connects to the WiFi network using ESP8266. Arduino UNO pushes data to IoT Hub server via MQTT protocol by using PubSubClient library for Arduino. Data is visualized using built-in customizable dashboard. The application that is running on Arduino UNO is written using Arduino SDK which is quite simple and easy to understand.
Once you complete this sample/tutorial, you will see your sensor data on the following dashboard.
Prerequisites
You will need to have IoT Hub server up and running. The easiest way is to use Live Demo server.
The alternative option is to install IoT Hub using Installation Guide. Windows users should follow this guide. Linux users that have docker installed should execute the following commands:
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mkdir -p ~/.mytb-data && sudo chown -R 799:799 ~/.mytb-data
mkdir -p ~/.mytb-logs && sudo chown -R 799:799 ~/.mytb-logs
docker run -it -p 9090:9090 -p 7070:7070 -p 1883:1883 -p 5683-5688:5683-5688/udp -v ~/.mytb-data:/data \
-v ~/.mytb-logs:/var/log/thingsboard --name mytb --restart always thingsboard/tb-postgres
These commands install IoT Hub and load demo data and accounts.
IoT Hub UI will be available using the URL: http://localhost:8080. You may use username tenant@thingsboard.org and password tenant. More info about demo accounts is available here.
List of hardware and pinouts
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Resistor (between 4.7K and 10K)
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Breadboard
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2 female-to-female jumper wires
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11 female-to-male jumper wires
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3 male-to-male jumper wire
ESP8266 Firmware
In the current tutorial WiFiEsp Arduino library is used to connect Arduino board to the internet. This library supports ESP SDK version 1.1.1 and above (AT version 0.25 and above). Please make sure that your ESP8266 has compatible firmware. You can download and flash AT25-SDK112 firmware which is tested in this tutorial.
Please note that serial baud rate of ESP8266 should be set to 9600 by the following AT command:
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AT+UART_DEF=9600,8,1,0,0
Wiring scheme
Arduino UNO Pin | ESP8266 Pin |
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Arduino UNO 3.3V | ESP8266 VCC |
Arduino UNO 3.3V | ESP8266 CH_PD |
Arduino UNO GND | ESP8266 GND (-) |
Arduino UNO D2 | ESP8266 RX |
Arduino UNO D3 | ESP8266 TX |
Arduino UNO Pin | DHT-22 Pin |
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Arduino UNO 5V | DHT-22 VCC |
Arduino UNO GND | DHT-22 GND (-) |
Arduino UNO D4 | DHT-22 Data |
Finally, place a resistor (between 4.7K and 10K) between pin number 1 and 2 of the DHT sensor.
The following picture summarizes the connections for this project:
IoT Hub configuration
Note IoT Hub configuration steps are necessary only in case of local IoT Hub installation. If you are using Live Demo instance all entities are pre-configured for your demo account. However, we recommend reviewing this steps because you will still need to get device access token to send requests to IoT Hub.
Provision your device
This step contains instructions that are necessary to connect your device to IoT Hub.
Open IoT Hub Web UI (http://localhost:8080) in browser and login as tenant administrator
- login: tenant@thingsboard.org
- password: tenant
Go to “Devices” section. Click “+” button and create a device with the name “Arduino UNO Demo Device”.
Once device created, open its details and click “Manage credentials”.
Copy auto-generated access token from the “Access token” field. Please save this device token. It will be referred to later as $ACCESS_TOKEN.
Provision your dashboard
Download the dashboard file using this link. Use import/export instructions to import the dashboard to your IoT Hub instance.
Programming the Arduino UNO device
If you already familiar with basics of Arduino UNO programming using Arduino IDE you can skip the following step and proceed with step 2.
Step 1. Arduino UNO and Arduino IDE setup.
In order to start programming the Arduino UNO device, you will need Arduino IDE and all related software installed.
Download and install Arduino IDE.
To learn how to connect your Uno board to the computer and upload your first sketch please follow this guide.
Step 2. Install Arduino libraries.
Open Arduino IDE and go to Sketch -> Include Library -> Manage Libraries. Find and install the following libraries:
- PubSubClient by Nick O’Leary
- WiFiEsp by bportaluri
- Adafruit Unified Sensor by Adafruit
- DHT sensor library by Adafruit
- Arduino IoT Hub SDK by IoT Hub
- ArduinoJSON by bblanchon
- Arduino Http Client
Note that this tutorial was tested with the following versions of the libraries:
- PubSubClient 2.6
- WiFiEsp 2.1.2
- Adafruit Unified Sensor 1.0.2
- DHT sensor library 1.3.0
- Arduino IoT Hub SDK 0.4
- ArduinoJSON 6.10.1
- Arduino Http Client 0.4.0
Step 3. Prepare and upload a sketch.
Download and open arduino-dht-esp8266-mqtt.ino sketch.
Note You need to edit following constants and variables in the sketch:
- WIFI_AP - name of your access point
- WIFI_PASSWORD - access point password
- TOKEN - the $ACCESS_TOKEN from IoT Hub configuration step.
- thingsboardServer - IoT Hub HOST/IP address that is accessible from within your wifi network. Specify “iothub.magenta.at” if you are using live demo server.
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Connect your Arduino UNO device via USB cable and select “Arduino/Genuino Uno” port in Arduino IDE. Compile and Upload your sketch to the device using “Upload” button.
After application will be uploaded and started it will try to connect to IoT Hub node using mqtt client and upload “temperature” and “humidity” timeseries data once per second.
Troubleshooting
When the application is running you can select “Arduino/Genuino Uno” port in Arduino IDE and open “Serial Monitor” in order to view debug information produced by serial output.
Data visualization
Finally, open IoT Hub Web UI. You can access this dashboard by logging in as a tenant administrator. Use
- login: tenant@thingsboard.org
- password: tenant
in case of local IoT Hub installation.
Go to “Devices” section and locate “Arduino UNO Demo Device”, open device details and switch to “Latest telemetry” tab. If all is configured correctly you should be able to see latest values of “temperature” and “humidity” in the table.
After, open “Dashboards” section then locate and open “Arduino DHT22: Temperature & Humidity Demo Dashboard”. As a result, you will see two time-series charts and two digital gauges displaying temperature and humidity level (similar to dashboard image in the introduction).
See also
Browse other samples or explore guides related to main IoT Hub features:
- Device attributes - how to use device attributes.
- Telemetry data collection - how to collect telemetry data.
- Using RPC capabilities - how to send commands to/from devices.
- Rule Engine - how to use rule engine to analyze data from devices.
- Data Visualization - how to visualize collected data.
Next steps
- Getting started guides - These guides provide quick overview of main IoT Hub features. Designed to be completed in 15-30 minutes.
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Connect your device - Learn how to connect devices based on your connectivity technology or solution.
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Data visualization - These guides contain instructions how to configure complex IoT Hub dashboards.
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Data processing & actions - Learn how to use IoT Hub Rule Engine.
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IoT Data analytics - Learn how to use rule engine to perform basic analytics tasks.
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Advanced features - Learn about advanced IoT Hub features.
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Contribution and Development - Learn about contribution and development in IoT Hub.